N3)sexuality in history (test vid: roman empire)

  

Ancient Roman Art and Architecture

The Roman Empire was one of the largest and most influential empires in human history. Together with ancient Greece, from which the Romans borrowed many aspects of their culture, the Roman Empire laid down the foundation for Western Civilization.

Almost every aspect of modern life in the West was in some way influenced by the Romans. For instance, the alphabet used to write the English language was a Roman invention, and ancient Roman art and architecture continue to serve as models for elegance, style and grandeur.

Greco-Roman Art and Architecture

As mentioned above, the ancient Greeks exerted an extraordinary influence on the Romans, most especially in their religion, literature, mythology, art, and architecture. This is why Roman art and architecture is usually grouped into a larger era known as the Classical or Greco-Roman period. Much of what we associate with Roman architecture, including columns, geometric proportions, etc., was first employed by the ancient Greeks. However, there were some important artistic and architectural developments that were truly Roman inventions.

Paintings

There are relatively few Roman paintings that have survived. However, some of the most important can be seen in the ruins of Pompeii. Pompeii was a Roman city near Naples that was destroyed by a Volcanic eruption in 79 AD. The ash preserved the city and is a treasure trove of Roman art.

Many of the paintings that have been found in Pompeii include scenes from Greek and Roman mythology. Others include scenes from everyday life, including foods, sexual acts, and more. These paintings provide valuable insight into Roman culture. It also shows us that the painting techniques of the Romans were more advanced than those that existed during the Middle Ages. It was only during the Renaissance that life-like images in the medium of painting would once again be created.

The Golden Ratio was common in Greek and Roman art. It is a mathematical formula that was believed to produce beautiful symmetry in both nature and in works of art. The Golden Ratio is equal to approximately 1.6180.

Ancient Roman Art

Roman art and architecture was created using many different mediums. The sections below will highlight a few of the most important.

Sculptures

The ancient Greeks developed the technology and artistic techniques needed to create life-like sculptures; however, the Romans used these techniques to create countless three dimensional likenesses of important figures in Roman history. The depiction of the emperor in marble busts and statues was an important feature of Roman political culture. Copies of likenesses of the many emperors who ruled Rome have been unearthed all over the Mediterranean region. The Romans shipped statues of their emperors to all corners of their empire so that ordinary citizens would know what their rulers looked like. In other words, the Romans used sculpture as a means of propaganda.

Most Roman sculptures were made from either marble or bronze. Marble is a type of metamorphic stone that was commonly used by the Greeks and Romans for both sculpture and architecture. Bronze is a metal alloy that has long been used for tools, sculptures, and various other purposes. The most splendid example of Roman bronze work is the equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius. This giant 13.9 ft tall image of one of Rome's most famous emperors survived the centuries after Rome's collapse. It can currently be seen in the Capitoline Museum in Rome.

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